Broaching machine



Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE r AL 2 5 BROACHING MACHINE:

' Filed May 2, 1954 10 sheets-sheet 1 f n 2% W W4 BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1954 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 g Q .k f

w I 2 ww ww J 5 1 4 as y Dec. 17, 1935. ROMMNE ET AL 2,024,252

BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1954 10 Sheets-Sheet :5

amen W00 M wt Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL BROACHING MACHINE l0 Sheeis-Sheet 5 Filed May 2, 1934 Dec. 17, 1935. M. ROMAINE ET AL BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1934 l0 Sheets-Sheet 6 i g M 7/// ///m 7////// z J I M fl W aw f 7 w 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 M. ROMAINE ET AL BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1934 4 F. 0 My If 7 EM 5 a M[ K w M2 0 2 F #6 M 0 7 2 p0 .2 M n w a 4 4 4 y w a 7 y y 7 4 Z z w 0 4 4 0 z 1 0 Z a 0. 01.4 4, 0, MM

Dec. 17, 1935.

Dec. 17, 1935. M ROMMNE AL 2,024,252

BROACH I NG MACHINE Filed May 2, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 liq Z9 Dec. 17, 1935. ROMA|NE ET AL 2,024,252

BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 Dec. 17, 1935. ROMAlNE ET AL 2,024,252

BROACHING MACHINE Filed May 2, 1954 10 Sheets-Sheet 1o liq: 2f

awe/whom MzAiJWMz Patented @ec 9 T OFFICE.

EEEQAGHKNG MACHKNE a corporation oil @hio Application May 2, 1934, Serial No. 223,598

22 (Claims.

' This invention relates to improvements in machine tools and particularly to improvements in broaching machines. 1

An object of the invention is the provision of an improved hydraulically actuated duplex broach.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a breaching machine as above indicated which is automatic in its operation, that is, effects substantially continuous broaching.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved breaching machine of the above indicated type which may be operated in a continuous reciprocating cycle or may be intermittently operated, that is, a cycle which must be initiated intermittently at the conclusion of each work piece.

A stillfurther object of the invention is the provision of a broachlng machine of the duplex type in which the broach rams are locked in position when the machine is shut down to keep the broach rams in step with one another and in which the breach rams are always kept in step regardless of the duration or operation thereof.

It is also an object of the present invention to improve the control thereof and the operation of the work presenting table.

Other and detailed objects of the invention include the detailed construction of the machine, the arrangement of the parts with respect to one another and the co-operation of said parts for effecting the automatic control of the machine as a whole.

Other objects and advantages oi the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the following specification, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and it is to be understood that any modifications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings: v

Figure 1 is a side elevation oi the breach oi" the present invention.

Figure 2 1s a front elevation of the breach as seen particularly from the left hand side of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary staggered sectional view taken substantially on line of Figure 1.

Figure 4 isa sectional view through the starting and stopping valve, as seen from line on Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a view, partly in section and partly (G1. lid-33) in elevation, of the starting and stopping valve as seen from line 5-5 on Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 6--fi on Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a view takenat right angles to Fig- 5 ure 6 and illustrating the control valves as seen substantially from line 11 on Figures 2 and 6.

Figure 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8-8 of Figure '7.

Figure 9 is' a sectional view taken on line 8-'-9 10 I l of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on line iQ-W of Figure 7.

Figure 11 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken transversely of the machine through 15 I the work supporting table and column as seen from line ll--H on Figure 3.

Figure 12 is a sectional view through a portion ofFlgure 11 as seen on line 12-42 on said Figure 11. v

Figure 13 is a sectional view through the reversing valve controlled by the work table as seen from line l3--l3 on Figure 11.

. Figure 14 is a transverse sectional view of Figwe 13 as seen from line I l-I4 thereon.

Figure 15 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation, as seen from line IS on Figure 14.

Figure 16 is a sectional view through the ram look as seen from line Iii-l6 of Figure 3.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional view through a make-up valve forming a detail of the invention as seen from line I'l-I'I of Figure 2.

Figure 18 is a fragmentary elevational view showing the lower left hand portion of the machine as shown in Figure 1 with a modified control mechanism. v

Figure 19 is a front elevation of the parts shown in Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a sectional view of the lower por tlon of the starting and stopping valve as shown in Figure 4 with the modified control mechanism utilized with the means shown in Figures 18 and. 19.

Figure 21 is a sectional view of the modified starting and stopping valve taken at right angles 45 to Figure 20 as is seen from line 2l-2l on Pag ure 20.

Figure 22 is a horizontal sectional view through the modified work supporting table indexing or actuatlngmeans. so

Figure 23 is a fragmentary sectional view of a table locking mechanism whichmay be utilized with either form of table shifting means and as seen particularly from line 23-43 on Figure 22.

Figure 24 is a diagrammatic view of the com-- plete hydraulic circuit employed witha machine controlled by the means shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Figure is a similar diagrammatic view showing the complete hydraulic circuit utilized with a modifiedmachine utilizing the control means shown in Figures 18 to 21 inclusive.

Throughout the several views, of the drawings similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

As will be noted from the foregoing descrip-' tion of the drawings there are in reality two machines illustrated which are similar in substam tially all respects, the one machine however naving added thereto certain additional features which necessarily require additional control means. It might be pointed out atthis time that the basic machine is shown in Figure 24 which is a substantially continuously operating machine of the duplex type including a starting and stopping valve which is manually initially positioned and remains so until manually released. In this machine, and as shown-in the drawings, the manual release may be effected either by the same handle which initially set the valve or by additional means operated by the foot of the operator, and

' conveniently so by merely kicking a pedal plate or the like.

In the machine shown in Figure 25 additional control means are incorporated whereby the machine will stop after each cycle, unless reset by the operator prior to the completion of the ensuing cycle. In other words, the machine diagrammatically illustrated in Figure 25 is of the o'nd cycle and while going through this cycle will reset the machine automatically to stop at the conclusion thereof. The operator, however, can again set the parts to continue the automatic operation of the machine if he completes the clamping of the work in its fixture; otherwise he may permit the machine totautomatically stop operat ing at the conclusion of the cycle.

In the following detailed description of the invention the basic machine shown in Figure 24 will be described first in its entirety and following this description the other machine will be described. Y Y

The broaching machine illustrated in the drawings comprise a rectangular base 80 having the interior thereof hollow and forming the coolant and hydraulic medium tanks. Rising above the base is the column 3| shown in the drawings as of fabricated construction, that is, suitably formed of sheets of steel welded to one another. Forwardly of the column 3i and secured thereto is a knee or housing 82 which supports for movement relative thereto a work supporting table. The column 3|, as seen in Figure 3, includes a pair of forward plate members 33 and 34 to which are welded the rearwardly extending ribs and sides 35. The plates 33 and 34 each have welded to their forward face strips 36, in turn supporting the members 31, longitudinally of which is formed a V shaped groove 38. The grooves in the members 37 carried by the plate 33 are opposed to one another to form a dovetail guideway in which is received a correspondingly shaped guiding tongue 39 formed on a ram 40. The members 3'! carried by the plate 34 have the V grooves therein likewise in opposition to one another to form the dovetailed guide way 4| in which is disposed the dovetail guide 42 of a secondram 43.

The rams 40- and 43 are substantially U shaped in cross section which cooperates with the recess formed beneath said rams by the strips 36 and members 3'! to provide an opening in which the rams actuating means are disposed. Accordingly the space behind the ram 40 houses a cylinder 44, while the space behind the ram 43 houses a similar cylinder. As shown in Figure 24 the cylinder 44 encloses a piston 45' from which projects a'piston rod 46. The free end of the rod 46 is connected by a tie-plate 4'! with the lower end of the breach ram 40. Likewise, and as shown in Figure 24, the cylinder 45 encloses a piston 48 having projecting therefrom a piston rod 49 con;- nected at its free end by a tie-plate 50 with the broach ram 43. From the foregoing it will be noted that the rams are operated by pistons, in

turn operated by a hydraulic medium, preferably oil under pressure, and this operating mechanism will be described in detail later.

The knee or table supporting housing 32, as

shown in Figures 3,. 11 and 12, comprises a pair of .side plates 5| and 52 welded at their rear 51 and lower edges to the column 3| and base 30. The forward edges of the plates 5i and 52 have welded between them a plate 53 thereby forming a boxlike housing. Welded to the inner surfaces of the side and front plates at apoint below the 35 upper edges thereof are lugs or blocks 54 to which is fastened in any suitable or desirable manner the supporting plate 55 which supports the work table and the mechanism for indexing same.

Substantially centrally of the length of the plate v 55 and near its rear edge itis provided with an aperture in which issecured a trunnion or pivot stud. 56 extending thereabove and entering a hushed aperture 57 formed in the work supporting table 58. The work supporting table 58 is provided on its inner edge with oppositely inclined faces 59 and 60 adapted to'be alternately aligned with the breach rams 40 and 43 during the operation of a work piece thereon.

The means for oscillating the table 58 com 50 prises a shaft 6| rotatably journal'ed in the supporting plate 55 and having secured to its upper end a disc 62. The disc 62 carries eccentrically thereof a roller 63 disposed between abutments I 84 and 65 carried by the table 58. As seen in 55 Figure 3, the abutments Bland 65 are in the form of blocks, each carrying at its inner end a screw 66 abutting against the base 61 of a socket formed in 9. lug 68 integral with the said table on its under surface. By reference to Figure 3 60 it will be appreciated that rotation of the disc 62 in a clockwise direction will cause the roller 63 to act on the abutment block 66 and oscillate the table 53 in a counterclockwise direction about the pivot stud 56. This movement of the table 55 will bring the forward inclined face 69 thereof out of alignment with the ram 40 and will align the face 60 with the ram 43.

In order to effect the rotation or oscillation of the disc 62 the shaft St has keyed or otherwise 70 secured to it a rack pinion 69 meshing with rack teeth 10 formed in a rod II. The rod ll carries at its other end a piston 12 enclosed ,within' a cylinder 73 mounted within the knee or table housing 32 and secured to the undersurface of 15 the supporting plate 68. The piston I2 is operabed by the same hydraulic medium which effects the operation of the ram pistons as will be described in detail later. As seen in Figure 12, the piston rod 1i at the place .which carries the rack teeth I8 is mounted for sliding movement through a bearing block I4 secured in any dosirablemannerto the undersurface' of the supporting plate 55.

In each of the operative positions of the table 58 it is adapted to be securely locked or clamped. This clamping means comprises a bar I5 having a slot I6 formed in each end thereof. The slot I6 has one wall I1 inclined or tapered to the other wall and this inclination acts as a wedge when cooperating with a wedge plate 18 secured to the undersurface of the table 58 or a lug l9 depending therefrom. Beneath the wedge plate I8 is a plate 88 carried by the supporting plate 55 having a reduced lug or'nose 8! which underlies the tapered portion of the wedge plate I8 for cooperating with the notch IS in holding down or clamping the table 58. The clamping bar I5 is mounted for sliding movement in a guldeway 82 formed in the upper surface of the supporting plate 55.

In the operation of the work supporting table the bar I5.is first moved to release the clamp thereof on the table, whereupon the oscillation of the table is effected. The means for shifting the bar 15,-as shown in Figure 3, may take the form of a multllated gear since the movement of the bar will be considerably less than the movement of the table. This mutilated gear may conveniently take the form of a pair of lugs or gear teeth 88 and 86 formed on the periphery of the disc 82 and cooperating with notches 85 and-89 formed in the adjacent side of the bar I5. By reference to Figure 3, and assuming the work table 58 is to be oscillated from the position there shown to its second operative position, it will be seen that the first movement of the disc 82 through the gear tooth 83 and bar notch 85 will shift the said bar to the right, thereby breaking the lock at the left hand end of said bar. This will require but a small portion of a revolution of the disc 82 when the tooth 83 will leave the notch 85 and will not further shift the said bar I5. Upon completion of the indexing of the table 58, the tooth 84 will engage in the notch 86 and furthenshift the bar I5 to efiect a locking thereof on its right hand end. Reverse oscillation or rotation of the disc 62 will naturally through the tooth 94 and notch 86 first release the righthand clamp, and subsequently the tooth 83, and notch 86 will complete the left hand clamp.

To avoid any possible interference by the bar I5 to the oscillation of the table 58, which might be caused by a coasting of the bar when first shifted to break the lock, there is provided means for stopping the bar IS in its central position. This means. comprises a V groove 81 formed in the side of the bar 15 opposite to that in which the notches 85 and 86 are formed, which cooperates with a spring pressed plunger 88 carried by the supporting plate I55.

From the foregoing it will be noted that there has been provided a duplex type of broach utilizing a pair of hydraulically actuated broach rams, together with a work supporting table adapted to -be indexed or oscillated to alternately present .work pieces to the said broach rams. It should also be noted at this timethat the movement of the breach rams in one direction is the cutting stroke, while movement in the opposite direction is the return or idle stroke. The work supporting table is indexed so. as to present the unfinished work piece thereon to the brooch ram which is moving through its cutting stroke and retracting the table from the ram which is moving 5 through its idle stroke to permit a replacement of the finished work piece thereon. It will be appreciated that the movements of the ram and i the oscillating or indexing of the table must takeplace in predetermined timed sequence. The means for eifecting this sequential-operation of these parts is shown diagrammatically in Figure 24 and structurally in the other figures. The operating cycle will therefore be described in connection with Figure 2a with a detailed descrip? tion of the several control valves and their operating mechanism as they are encountered during the description of the circuit.

Accordingly, there is provided a sump or tank 89 which, as mentioned above, is enclosed within the base of. the machine. As seen in Figure 1 there is disposed above the base 30 a motor pump unit 98 connected by a suction pipe ill with the tank 89. Extending from the other side of the pump 88 is a pressure conduit 92 having connected 26 therein a relief valve 93 which determines the operating pressure in the pressure pipe or conduit 92. The pipe or conduit 92 terminates at the starting and stopping valve shown diagrammatically in Figure 24 and indicated in general by 80. the numeral 94.

The starting and stopping valve 84 is structurally illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 and com prises a casing 95 secured to the side of the column shown in Figure 1. The casing 95 is pro- 85. vided through a portion of its length with a bore into which is pressed a valve bushing 98 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 91, 98, 99 andlflo. Each set of radial ports is encircled by a similar circumferential groove IOI formed in the exterior-of the'bushing 96'. Disposed within the bore through the bushing 96 is a'valve member I02 of the slideable piston type having formed thereon piston portions I83, I04 and H15, forming between them cannelures I99 and I91. The valve I02 has two operative positions for connecting at one time the ports 91 and 98 with one another, and the ports 98 and I98. and in its second position for connecting ports 98 and 99.

In order to shift the valve to its operative or starting position, shown in the drawings, the valve IilZhas projecting therefrom a stem I06 inwhich is formed one or more notches 'IB'I receiving the arm I08 of a valve shifter I89. The valve shifter I09 iskeyed or otherwise secured to a shaft H0 rotatably journaled in bearings ,provided by the valve casing 85. The shaft H9 projects beyond the casing 95 to receive a lever l I I, in turn connected through a clevis H2 with a so rod H3 which extends across the side of the column and table housing, as seen in Figure 1. Therod II3 is pivotally connected to a handle I pivotally mounted at H5 to the side of the table housing 32. From the foregoing it willbe noted 66 that movement of the handle H4 in a given direction, such as rearwardly, as seen in Figure 1, will through the rod H3 and lever III actuate the valve shifter I09 in a clockwise direction for shifting the valve I02 to the position shown in 70 the drawings.

The pivotal connection I I5 oi the handle H4 is in reality a shaft which extends entirely across or through the knee of table housing 32 and projects beyond the other side thereof. The shaft 76 IIIS or otherwise secured to its second 3 7 19011118 end a second-handle II 6 whereby the valve may be operated from either side of, the

. on one end against the base of the counterbore and on the other end against the supporting p us.

When desired to shift the valve I02 to its sec-- end position the plunger IIS must be released, or which purpose the valve shifter I09 has depending therefrom a finger I22 engaging with the plunger II8 for shifting same against the resistance of spring I2I. To permit the shifting of the plunger H9 before forcibly shifting the valve I03 there is provided lost motion between the valve shifter arm I08 and the walls of the notch or notches I01 in the valve stem I06. It will be appreciated that movement-of the valve shifter I00 in a counterclockwise direction, due for example to a forward movement on the handle I I4 or IIB, will firstwithdraw the locking plunger III, at which time the lost motion between the valve shifter and I08 and valve stem notch I0! is taken up, whereupon the valve I02 may be In practice, however, thevalve I02 is automat- Ically shifted upon release oi the locking plunger 9 and. is only manually shifted in the event of a sticking thereof or a failure of the automatic operating means. This automatic operating means comprises a spring I23 disposed in a counterbore I24 formed in the upper end of the valve I02, as seen for example in Figure 4. The spring I23 abuts on one end with the base of the counterbore I24. and on the other end with a plug I25 which closes the end of the valvebushing 86. The movement of the valve by the spring I23 is limited by a plug I26 carried by the valve'housing 85 at a point below but in alignment with the valve stem I06. As was mentioned above, when the machine is once set in motion, as by shifting the starting valve to its operative position, it is normally retained therein and this valve is only shifted therefore in-case of an emergency or when shutting down the machine and, as mentioned above, in'order to shift the valve to its stopped position it is only necessary to withdraw the retaining plunger H9 whereupon the valve is automatically shifted.

The emergency requiring the shutting down of the machine may occur from various reasons or circumstances, one of which would be If the oporator had not completed the clamping of the second work piece in its fixture while the other is being operated upon. Under these circumstances the operators hands might both be engaged in attempting to complete the clamping of the work in the fixture requiring him to desist in his work in order to engage one of the handles 401' NB. This, as will be appreciated, may be very inconvenient or practically impossible, wherefore there has been provided in this machine additional means which are manually operated as by the foot of the operator.

" This means. as shown in Figures 1 and 2, cornprises a secondarm I21 secured to the shaft II5 adjacent each of the handles H4 and H5. The

ter of which shows the piston-valve.

arms I27 are connected at their outer ends by links I28 to a treadle or plate I29 lying lust above the base 30. The lower ends of the links I28 are connected by levers I80 to ,the' sides ofthe knee or table housing 32. Since the operator stands 5 on the base-30 while loading and-unloading thev machine, the tr'eadle or plate, which may be called a kick plate, is within .close proximity to his foot. It will he-seen that pressureon said plate or -a kick thereon will rearwardly-shift the same, there- 1 by causing the arms I21 to oscillate-downwardly or counterclockwise relative to the ms of the shaft H5. This moveinent'will correspondingly actuate the shaft H5 and therefore the'handles I I4 and- I I6 and parts operated thereby, as above 15..

described, for withdrawing the locking plunger II 9, and permitting a shifting of the starting and stopping valve to its stoppedposition'.

Referring now to Figure 24 it willbe seen that l the upper terminusofconduit '82 is connected with the ports 98 of the starting-and stopping valve, while theports 00 have connected there! with One end of a pipe or conduit I3I which-terminate's in'a sump or tank and this pipe or conduit is the main discharge conduit'or may '25 he termed the low pressure side of the system and contains the choke coil 'I3I" which maintains a low back pressure in the system. The. ports 01 have connected therewith "one terminus of a pipe or conduit I8I'- which is the main pressure'ao' line to the several control valves, while the ports I00 have connectedtherewith the main return conduit I32, which in the diflerent positionsof the control valves ison the low pressure side ofthe system.

The pressure conduit I3I' terminates at a p13:- ton-valve. mechanism indicated generally in Figwk: 24 by the numeral I33 which controls the operationof the rams locks. This mechanism is shown structurally in-Figures 3 and 16, the l'ati As there shown. there is provided a casing I34 integral with a-bracket 135 secured to the rear surfaces of the column plates 33 and 34 as by bolts I38.- Mounted in the borein the casing I 34 is a bushing I31 having formed therethrough .two sets of radial ports I38and' I39, each set being connected by a-circumferential' groove I40 formed in the exterior of the bushing I31. Mounted in the bore through the bushing I31 is the piston-valve member I4I, having formed thereon piston portions I42 and I43. Between the said piston portions I42 and-I43 the piston-valve is provided with a cannelure I44 for connecting the ports I38 and I30 when in the position shown in 55 24 and for closing 05 the ports I30 when in the position shown in Figure 16..

Projecting from the piston portion I42 is a plug I 45 at all times contacting with the lower ends of a pair of levers I46 and I41, the two, levers being shown in plan in Figure 3. The levers I46 and I4! are respectively keyed or otherwise socured to shafts I48 and I 40 respectively journal'ed in brackets I50 and IBI secured to the rear surfaces -of the plates 33 and 34. The shafts I48 this purpose the column plates 33 and 34, strips 36 and guide bars 31 are provided with aligned apertures through which the plungers i56 and I51 axially shift. The aperture through the column plates 33 and 39 is somewhat enlarged as respects the diameter of the plunger passing therethrough, and disposed within each of said enlarged apertures is a coiled spring I abutting on one end with a shoulder IGI formed on each of said plungers and on the other .end with a-plate I52 which is the base plate for the shaft brackets.

. The said plates I62 additionally carry a set screw I93 cooperating with a keyway I69 in the plunger-s I 56 and I51 to prohibit any rotative movement thereof and thereby insuring the proper positioning oi the said plunger teeth with respect to the ram racks.

This mechanism is utilized for holding the rams in proper relative position to one another when there is no pressure in the operating system, that is, when the machine is shut down. It will, therefore, be appreciated that before the rams can be actuated relative to the columns the locking plungers must be withdrawn. Use is therefore made of the piston-valve member IIiI for withdrawing the locking plungers and as soon as they are withdrawn for connecting the pressure with the remaining part of the system. In order, therefore, to actuate the said piston-valve member I4I the bore through the valve bushing is closed at its right end by a plug I65 through which is formed a port I60 for connection withthe upper end of the pressure conduit I 3| Pressure flowing through the conduit I3l' will act on the end of the piston-valve member Iti and urge same inwardly as shown in Figure 16, or downwardly as shown in Figure 24, thereby through the levers I46 and I41 and arms I00 and I49 shift the locking plungcrs to the released posi ling. the distribution of the hydraulic pressure to the rest of the hydraulic circuit or system.

The pilot valve I69 comprises a valve casing I10 having pressed into a bore therein a valve bushing I1I. The valve bushing i1! is provided with a plurality of sets of radial ports I12, I13, I14, I15, I 16 and I11, each set being connected by a similar circumferential groove I19 formed in the exterior of the bushing I1I Slidable through the bore in the bushing I1I is a piston type valve I19 having formed thereon piston portions I80, I8I, and I82 for forming therebetween cannelures I83 and I06. The cannelures are adapted to connect the radial ports in. diiierent combinations, depending upon the position of the valve relative to the valve bushing.

The valve member I19 has two positions, one

v position being that shown inFigures 7 and 24 and the other position being to the left of that shown in Figure 24 and above that shown in Figure '1. The valve is adapted to be automatically shifted bythe rams during their movement relative to the column and particularly so-when the rams reach the lower point in their travel. .In other words,

the valve-isshifted to the position shown when one ram reaches its lowermost position and to the opposite position when the other ram reaches its lowermost position.

To effect this shifting of the valve member. 5 I19 each ram respectively carries on adjacent 1 faces a dog rail I85 and I86 in which is adjustably, respectively secured dogs I81 and I08. The said dogs, see Figure 2, respectively engage ears I99 and I90 on a valve actuator I9I The valve actu+ l0 ator I9I is secured to the outer end of a rod I92 rotatably journaled in the column and face plates and extending therethrough.

Between the-valve casing I and the column face plates there is disposed a housing I93. into 16 which the inner end of the rod I92 projects, as well as the valve actuating mechanism operated by the rod I92. Secured to the rod I92 within the housing I93 is a lever I94 having an arm I95 received ma transverse slot I96 in'the outer end of a lever I91. The lever I91 is keyed or otherwise secured to an oscillatable shaft I98 rotatably jounialed in suitable bearings provided by the walls of the housing I93. From the foregoing it will be noted that oscillation of the rod I92 by the ram dog will through the arm I95 on-said rod and the lever I90 effect the oscillation of the shafti99.

Keyed or otherwise secured to the oscillatable shaft I90 near one of the bearingsthereof'is a valve shifter I99 having its free end disposed in a slot 200 formed in the under surface of a stem 20I projecting frointhe valve member I19. In order to determine the operative positions of the valve member I19 the lever I95 has integral therewith. or secured thereto a web MI in which is formed a pair of adjacent notches 202 and 203 which cooperate with a nose 204 of adetent member 205. The detent member 205 is loosely mounted on a rod 206 extending transversely of the housing I93. A spring 201, having one end connected to the detent 205 and its other end connected to the housing I93, maintains the nose 204 in contact with the plate or web 20I. The detent v 205 and web or plate I, in addition, constitute a load and fire mechanism for effecting the rapid shifting of the valve when-the nose 209 of the detent passes over the point between the V notches 202 and 203.

. I As will be seen from Figure 24 the pressure line I68 connects with the ports I13 of valve bushing I1I, while the ports I19 thereof have connected therewith one terminus of a pipe or conduit 208 which empties into the main. return conduit I32. Connected with the remaining ports I12, I14, I15 and I18 is respectively one terminus of pipes or conduits 209, 2 I0, 2 and H3 which terminate at their other end in a valve mechanism indicated generally in Figure 24 by the numeral 2. This as will later be described. Pressed into a bore through the valve casing 2I5 is a valve bushing 2I8 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 2I1, 2I8,'2i9, 220, 22f, 222 and 223, each set being encircled by, a similar circumferential groove 229 formed in the exterior r the bushing zit. Disposed within'the bore in the bushing 2 !6 is a valve member 225 of the sliding piston type and having formed thereon piston portions 226, 221, 228 and 229 forming therebetween cannelures 238, 23i and 232 which connect the several sets of radial ports in different combinations, depending upon the position of the valve member-229.

As was noted above, this valve controls the operation of the ram pistons and insures the complete indexing of the work tableprior to the operation of the said rams. The valve is therefore actuated by the table. The means for effecting the operation thereof comprises a double arm 233 keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 65 for movement therewith. The arm 223 has formed at opposite ends thereof shoulders 234 and 235 for alternately engaging the ball and of a lever 236 secured to the outer end of a rod 237, said rod 231 being mounted for oscillation in bearings provided by the column and work supporting housing. As will be appreciated, the table is oscillated at the conclusion of each work piece. the shaft 6! for effecting this operation being actuated through 180. From this it follows that the arm 233 is oscillated through an arc of 180 and effects the reverse movement of the lever 236 and consequently reverse oscillations of the rod 231.

The rod 23'! extends beyond the rear surface of the column into a housing 238 integral with or secured to the valve casing H and to which is secured a valve actuator 239. The valve actuator 239 has its ball end 240 disposed within .a slot 24 formed in the stem 242 projecting from the valve member 225. The valve 225 has two operative positions, that shown in Figure 13, and a second position to the right thereof. In order to determine ,said positions and to insure the valve being properly positioned the valve actuator 239 is provided on one side thereof with a pair of adjacent V shaped notches 228 and 244. Cooperating with the said notches is a detent or firing dog 245 having a nose 2%. The'dog 245 is loosely mounted on a shaft 24! carried by the housing 238. The nose 226 of the dog 245 is yieldably held in contact with the valve actuator 239 by aspring 248 having one end thereof secured to the upper end of the dog 245 and its other end attached to a fixed part of the housing.

From the foregoing it will now be seen that the valve mechanism 2M is under the control of the oscillatable work table and is shifted alternately to its operative positions upon alternate oscillation thereof.

As will be seen from Figure 24 the ports 2!!, 2!9, 22! and 223 of the bushing have respectively connected therewith the other ends of the pipes or conduits 2| I, 2 !0, 209 and 2 i3. Connected with the ports 2!8 is one end of a pipeor conduit 249 which terminates at the upper end of the cylinder 44, while the ports 222 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit'25ll which terminates at the upper end of the cylinder 45. Connected with the remaining ports 220 is one end of a conduit 25! terminating at its other end in a pressure relief valve 252, the latter being in turn connected by a pipe or conduit 253 with the main return conduit !32. The purpose of the relief valve 252 is to lower the pressure in the conduit 25! whereby a lower pressure is utilized for eiiecting the oscillation of the work supporting table.

Extending from the conduit 25! from a point ahead of, the relief valve 252 is a pipe or conduit 252 terminating in the valve mechanism indicated generally in Figure 24 by the reference character 255. This valve mechanism 255 controls the reverse oscillation of the work supporting table and may therefore be termed the table re- 5 versing or indexing valve. The valve mechanism 255 is shown structurally in Figure '7 and is mounted in the same casing as the distributor valve mechanism !59. Therefore.

and as shown in Figure 7, the valve casing I'll} is provided with a second bore in which is pressed a valve bushing 256 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 25?. 258. 259, 260 and 26!, each set of ports being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 252 formed in the exterior of the bushing 255. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 256 for sliding move mentrelative thereto is a valve member 263 having formed thereon piston portions 261i, 265 and 256, formingbetwcen them cannelures 257 and 268. The said cannelures are adapted to connect the several sets of radial ports in different combinations, depending upon the position of the valve member 263.

The valve member 263, similar to the valveesmember H9, has two operative positions which positions are substantially similar to the. positions of the valve W9. In fact, the valve members I19 and 263 are simultaneously actuated through the same mechanism as above described for shifting the valve !19 and under the control of ram dogs i8! and'i85. While the same operating or control means is employed a separate shifter arm is in fact utilized for actually shifting the 'valve member 253. This separate arm is shown in Figure 8 at 251, being secured to the shaft !98 which carries the arm 899 for the valve !19. The upper end of the arm 22'! is disposed in a slot 268 formed in the stem 269 projecting, from the valve member 263. 4 From the foregoing it is believed now evident that the said distributor valve and indexing valve are simultaneously shifted for first stopping the movement or the rams and then effecting the oscillation or indexing of the work table. Again referring to Figure 24 it will be'seen that it is with the ports 259 of the bushing 255 that the reduced pressure conduit 256 connects, while the ports 258 and 265 have respectively connected therewith one end of pipes or conduits 2'!!! and 21! which respectively terminate at their other ends at the left and right hand ends of the table operating cylinder l3. Connected with the ports 25'! and 26! are branch discharge conduits, each connectedwith a pipe 5 or conduit 212 which empties into the main return conduit !32.

The lower endsof the ram cylinders 44 and 45 are connected with one another by a-pipe or conduit 273 whereby when one of the pistons is 00 descending the exhaust therefrom causes the ascension of the other. To'prevent the pistons from getting out of time with one another, that is, to insure that the pistons each reach their upper limit of travel, there is provided what may be termed a make-up valve for each cylinder to take care of any leakage past the pistons or the leakage in the said piston circuits. These makeup valves are located at the upper end of the supporting column on the outer sides of the pistons. The said valves are shown in Figures 2 and 24 by the reference numerals 22 i and 275. one of which, namely 21 i, is shown structurally in Figure 17. As there shown, the valve 214 comprises a casing mm which is pressed avalve and bushing 211 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 218, 219 and 288. Each set of radial ports is encircled by a similar circumferential groove 2! formed in the exterior of the bushing 211. Mounted in the bore in the bushing for sliding movement relative thereto is a valve member 282 having formed thereon a reduced portion 293 forming a cannelure which connects the ports 218 and 219 with one another or the ports 21.9 and 288, or takes a positionin which one of the ports is connected, as shown for example in Figure 17. The valve is actuated in one direction, namely, towards the left as seen in Figure 1'1, by a dog 284 secured to the adjacent side of the ram so as to actuate same when the ram is in or near its uppermost position. The dog 284, as seen in Figure 2, has a pair of cam faces 285 and 286, the former shifting the valve to the position shown in Figure 17, which is a neutral position, and the latter further shifting the valve to connect the ports 218 and 219 for a purpose which will later be made clear. The shifting of the valve member 282 by the dog 284 is against the resistance of a spring 281 which abuts on its inner end with the end of the valve member 282 and on its outer end with a plug 283 threaded into the end of the bushing 211. The spring 281 is utilized for outwardly shifting the valve member 282 when the dog 284 is out of alignment therewith. To limit this outward movement of the valve 282 by the spring 281 the said valve 282 carries a head or flange 289 which engages a fixed shoulder on the valve bushing 211.

Connected with the ports 288 is one end of a pipe or conduit 298 of a relatively small bore which is connected at its other end to the main pressure pipe or conduit 92. Included in the said conduit 298 is a choke coil 29l which, to-

gether with the small bore of the pipe 298 hold the pressure entering the valve member through the port 288 to a relatively low point, in fact, a point which is ineffective to interfere with the normal operation of the circuit except whenthe rams are supposed to be at the ends of their strokes and therefore stopped. Connected with the parts 219 is one end of the pipe or conduit 292, which has its other end connected to the lower end of the cylinder 44 for conveying the pressure to the said cylinder when the ports 219 and 288 are connected as shown in Figure 24. Connected with the ports 218 is one end of the conduit 293 which empties into a. conduit 294, in turn connected with the sump or tank 89.

The operation of the make-up valve is such that should the piston 45 be at its supposed upper limit of movement without the cam portion 285 reaching the valve member 282 the parts will remain in the position shown in Figure 24, that is, with the ports 219 and 288 connected. wherefore oil will flow through the pipes 298 and 292 into the cylinder 44 for further elevating the piston 45. This will continue until the said dog cam face 285 engages the valve member 282 and shifts same to the piston shown in Figure 17, thereby cutting oii any flow through the port 288 and stopping the movement of the ram piston 45. Should, however. during the normal operation of the machine the piston rise to such a point as to bring the cam face 286 of the dog 284 into engagement with the valve member 282, the said valve member will then be shifted to the left, as seen in Figure 17, to the limit of its movement, thereby connecting ports 218 and 219. This then connects the cylinder 44 to the conduit 292 and conduits 293 and 294 with the sump 89, allowing the piston 45 to descend by gravity through a suilicient distance to lower the dog 284 and permit the valve member 282 to shift to the position shown in Figure 17 with the said member in engagement with the cam face 285, whereupon again flow will be stopped in either direction relative to the cylinder 44 and hold the piston in its proper position.

The other make-up valve 215 operates in a similar manner to that just described for the make-up valve 214 except that actual make-up fluid does not pass therethrough, use being made of the valve 214 for the supply. The ports 219 of this valve 215 are connected by a pipe or conduit 298 with the pipe or conduit 213 which onters the lower end of the cylinder 45. while the ports 218 are connected by a conduit 291 with the discharge conduit 294. i

The upper ends of the cylinders 44. and 45 are 20 respectively connected to one end of small bore pipes or conduits 298 and 299 and conduits 293 and 291 and therefore the sump conduit 294. Each of the pipes 298 and 299 respectively include a choke coil 388 and 38! and these coils, g together with their pipes or conduits, constitute an air bleed from the highest point of the hydraulic circuit for insuring the proper functioning of the system and for removing any possibility of voids in the said system which would 30 materially interfere with the smooth working of the circuit. v

The upper end of the piston-valve mechanism I33 is connectedby a pipe or conduit 382 containing a choke coil 383 with the sump or tank 35 99. This pipe or conduit permits the exhaust of the hydraulic medium above the piston when the same is returned to its outward position by the spring I58 during the setting of the locking plungers. The pipe 382 is of a small bore, which taken with the choke coil 383, prevent any serious loss of pressure in the system which is flowing through the pipe l3l to the upper end of the piston-cylinder mechanism I33.

In the course of operation of the machine one or the other of the rams may become jammed. requiring the reverse operation thereof without completing its complete cycle. The causes for this jamming may be several, one of which would be the improper clamping of a work piece prior to the operation thereon. With the machine as thus far described, no means are provided to eifect this reverse operation of one or the other of the rams. However, to overcome this difficulty the following mechanism is provided. Upon shifting of the starting and stopping valve mechanism 94 to the stopped position, that is. to the left as shown in Figure 24, the ports 98 and 99 are connected, thereby short circuitlng the pump 98 with the tank 89. Disposed in the Go discharge pipe or conduit i3! between the starting and stepping valve mechanism 94 and the sump or tank 39 is a pair of three-way valves 384 and 385. the former being connected by a pipe or conduit 386 with the lower end of the G5 cylinder 45. while the later is connected by a pipe or conduit 381 with the lower end of the cylinder 44. Located in the pipe or conduit 213 connecting the lower ends of said cylinders is a two-way valve 388.

Assuming now that the piston 45 in the cylinder 44 becomes jammed and must be reversed. the starting and stopping valve is first thrown to its stopped position, thereby throwing the high pressure into the conduit l3l. The twoway valve 308 is then actuated to cut oil! communication between the cylinders 44 and 45, whereupon the three-way valve 305 is positioned to direct the pressure from the conduit I3I into the conduit 301 to the lower end of the piston 45 and efiecting its upward movement. This, of course, will continue if the valve 305 is not shut off until the make-up valve member is shifted to the position effected by dog cam face 206 to connect the cylinder with the sump. If it is assumed that it is the piston 48 which is stuck the starting and stopping valve 94 and the two-way valve 308 are positioned as above described but instead of the three-way valve 305 being used, valve 304 is employed, thereby connecting the pressure into conduit 306 and reversing the movement of the piston 48.

The normal operation of the machine and circult as shown in Figure 24 is as follows:

With the parts as shown in this figure the ram 40 is to be lowered for operation on a work piece on its side of the work supporting table. The pump 90 is brought up to normal speed and then the valve mechanism 94 shifted to the position shown in Figure 24 by either of the handles H4 or II6. This connects the pressure in the conduit 92 with the. conduit I3I to the upper end of the piston-valve mechanism I33 for shifting same to withdraw the locking plungers I56 and I51. As soon as said plungers are withdrawn the pressure in the pipe or conduit I3I is connected through the branch conduit I61 with the conduit I68 and the distributing valve mechanism I69. The pressure in the conduit I68 is connected with the conduit 2I0 and the valve mechanism 2I4 where the pressure is directed into the conduit 249 and the upper end of the cylinder 44 for causing the descent of the ram 40. The movement of the ram 40 downwardly exhausts the medium ahead of it out of the cylinder through the conduit 213 to the cylinder 45 and effects an elevation of the piston 44 therein and the ram 43 connected therewith. The upward movement of the piston 48 discharges the medium ahead of it through the conduit 250 to the valve mechanism 2 I4. The said valve mechanism 2 I4 connects the conduit 250 with conduit 2I3 and valve mechan'sm I69 where a connection is made with discharge conduits 208, I32 and I3I through the valve 94 to the sump 89.

This movement of the pistons continues until the dog I81 on the ram 40 engages the flipper I9I for shifting the valve mechanism to its second position, that to the left of that shown in Figure 24. This movement of the valve mechanism I69 connects the pressure conduit I68 with the conduit 209 which through the valve mechanism 240, still in the same position as before, connects with conduit 25I and pressure reducing valve 252, which, as above described, is connected with discharge conduits 253 and I32 and the sump 89. The pressure reducing valve 252 lowers the effective pressure in conduit 25I which is taken off through the conduit 254 to the valve mechanism 255. This valve mechanism is now in its second or inner position from that shown in Figure 24 since it was moved simultaneously with the movement of the valve mechanism I69 as above fully explained. This valve mechanism 255 therefore connects the conduit 254 with the conduit 2H and the right hand end of table indexing or oscillating cylinder 13 as seen in Figure 24, thereby effecting an oscillation of the table to its second operative position. The hydraulic medium ahead of the table indexing piston is forced therefrom through the conduit 210 to the valve mechanism 255 where it is connected through branch discharge conduit 212, conduit I32 to the sump 89. Disposed within the conduit 210 is an adjustable choke valve 309 which controls the flow of the medium through the said conduit and therefore controls the rate of actuation of the table indexing piston to avoid any sharp contacts between the parts when the table is fully indexed.

At the conclusion of the table indexing operation it, through the lever 233 and parts operated thereby, shifts the valve mechanism 2I4 to its second position or to the left of that shown in Figure 24. This movement of the valve mech- 15 anism now connects the conduit 209, which is under pressure. with the conduit 250 to the upper end of the cylinder 49 for causing a descent of the piston 48 therein and the ram 43. Movement of the ram 43 and piston 48 downwardly exhausts medium ahead of it through the conduit 213 to the cylinder 44 for elevating the piston 45 therein and the ram 40. This upward movement of the ram 40 and its piston exhausts the medium ahead of it through the conduit 249 to the valve mechanism 2I4 where it is connected with the conduit 2 and valve mechanism I69. The valve mechanism I69 connects the conduit 2I I with the branch discharge conduits 208 and I32 and the sump 89. This movement of the rams again conan tinues until the dog I88 associated with the ram I43 shifts the valve mechanism to the position shown in Figure 24.

At this time, with the valve mechanism 2I4 in its inner position from that shown, the pressure 3;.

conduit I68 is connected through the valve mechanism I69 with conduit 2 I0 and valve mechanism 2I4 with the conduit 25I and pressure reducing valve 252. The reduced pressure conduit 254 is now connected with the conduit 210 and the left 40 hand end of the table indexing cylinder 13 for shifting same to the position shown in Figure 24. The medium ahead of the piston in the cylinder 13 is exhausted through the conduit 2", valve mechanism 255 and branch discharge conduit 212 with the conduit I32. Again at the conclusion of the indexing operation of the table the valve mechanism 2 I4 is actuated this time to the position shown in Figure 24, whereupon a repetition-of the cycle of operation as just described is had.

It is to be understood that if during the normal cycle of operation either of the pistons does not reach its upper limit of movement or overruns same the make-up valve mechanisms 214 and 215 are brought'into operation for correcting the said mispositioning as above described. It will also be appreciated that should an emergency arise during the normal operation. requiring a shutdown of the machine. either of the handles 30 I I4 or I I6 may be manually operated or the operator may merely give a kick with his foot to the kick plate I29, thereby stopping all movement of the machine. As soon as the pressure is removed from the conduit I3I the springs I immediately tend to shift the locking bolts I56 and I51 and their locking positions, thereby preventing any falling of the rams while idle.

In the modified machine shown primarily in Figures 18 to 23 inclusive and Figure 25 certain additional control valves and automatic control means are employed, being utilized for eflecting a stopping in the operation of the machine at the conclusion of the tooling of each work piece unless the machine is reset by the operator prior to. the completion of thesaid tooling of. the work piece. To effect this control of the workpiece the starting and stopping valve mechanism 94 of Figure 24 is changed as shown in Figure 21. This modified starting and stopping valve mechanism includes a shaft 310 disposed in bearings provided by the valve casing 95 and takes the place of the shaft 110 of Figure 5. Mounted on the shaft 310 is a pair of valve actuators 311 and 312 having their outer or ball ends 313 respectively received in notches 314 and 315 formed in the valve stem 316. Depending from each of the actuators 311 and 312 is a finger 31'! and 318 respectively engaging a shoulder associated with latch plungers 319 and 320. The latching surfaces or shoulders 321 and 322 respectively of latches 319 and 320 are spaced above one another as seen in Figures and 21, particularly the latter. As will later be made clear retraction of one plunger, namely 319, and withdrawing of its latching surface 321 from the notch 323, in which each of the latching plungers is situated, permits the movement of the starting and stopping valve member 102 a distance equal to the difference between the latch faces 321 and 322. I

Similar to the operation of the starting and stopping valve mechanism of the circuit shown in Figure 24 to initiate the operation of the machine, the valve actuators 311 and 312 are manuallyoperated to shift the same to the position shown in Figures 21, 22 and 25. For this purpose the shaft 310 projects beyond the valve casing 95 toreceive an arm 324 connected by a rod 325 with a lever 326 pivotally mounted at 321 to the side of the knee or table supporting housing. The handle 326-is oscillated about the pivot 321 in a clockwise direction or toward the column for thereby correspondingly actuating the valve shifters 311 and 312 and effecting an elevation of the starting and stopping valve member. As soon as the valve is raised to its proper position the latching plungers 319 and 320 are shifted by their respective springs 326 into the stem notch 323 and thereby hold the valve in its elevated position, it being understood that it is really the plunger 319 through its face 321 that does the normal latching of the valve in its starting position.

The said locking plungers 319 and 320 are adapted to be automatically withdrawn during the operation of the machine, and for this purpose they each have formed in their lower surface a notch 329 respectively receiving the ball end 336 of levers 331 and 332, the levers 332 being loosely pivotally mounted on a pivot shaft 333 carried by a plate 334 secured to the valve casing 94. The levers 331 and 332 have their respective lower ends 335 and 336 disposed ahead of pis ton plungers 331 and 338, each carried by an independent cylinder 339 formed in the cover plate 334. The piston plungers 331 and 338 are adapted to be actuated by hydraulic pressures during the operation of the machine as will later be madeclear.

The starting and stopping valve member 102, in

addition to being shifted by the handle 126, may

be actuated by a foot treadle mechanism which, in fact, is normally employed to reset the valve as will later be made clear. This foot treadle mechanism comprises, see Figure 18, a plate 340 having its rear end pivotally connected at 341 to a ing 342 depending from the column of the machine. The front end of the plate 340 is pivoted at 343 to one end of a link 344 which extends downwardly and forwardly of the machine. The lower end of the link 344 is pivotally connected at 345 to a lever 346, oscillatably journaled on a stud 341 projecting from the side of the table housing or knee. Integral with the lever 346 is an arm 348 projecting toward the front of the machine beyond the table housing whereupon said arm 348 turns upwardly as at 349. Carried by the outer end of the arm 349 is a bar 350 extending entirely across the machine and having secured to its other end an arm 351 which is similar to the arm 348 and oscillatably mounted on a stud 352 projecting from the table housing.

Mounted above the plate 340 and contacting with the upper surface thereof is a pin or plunger 353 disposed for sliding movement through a bore in a plug 354 threadedly carried by the lower end of the valve housing 94. The pin 353 is disposed in axial alignment with the valve member 102 and contacts on its upper surface with the lower end of the valve stem 316. From the foregoing it will be noted that pressure on the bar 350, as by the-operator stepping on same, will oscillate the arm 343 and lever 346 in a counterclockwise direction about the pivot 341. This movement shifts the link 344 rearwardly and upwardly for actuating the plate 340 in a clockwise direction about its pivot 341 and thereby through the pin or plunger 353 elevating the starting and. stopping valve member 102. As soon as the valve member is in its uppermost position the locking plungers319 and 320 latch the valve in position. In order to hold the treadle mechanism in its uppermost position the arm 348 has connected therewith one end of a spring 355, the other end of which is anchored at 356 to the side of the table housing.

As seen in Figure 25, the plunger 331 has the rear end of its cylinder connected by a pipe or conduit 351 with a control valve mechanism indicated generally in Figure 25 by the numeral 358. The valve mechanism 358 is shown structurally in Figure 10 and as there shown comprises a valve casing 359 secured to the forward wall of the housing 193 associated with the valve mechanism supported by the rear faces of column plates 33 and 34, above referred to and described in detail. Pressed into the valve casing 359 is a valve bushing 360 having formed therethrough a plurality of sets of radial ports 361, 362 and 363,

each set being encircled by a similar circumferential groove 364 formed in the exterior of the bushing 360. Disposed within the bore in the bushing 360 is a valve member 365 having formed thereon reduced portions 366 and 361 forming.

cannelures for connecting in one position the ports 361 and 362 and in a second position the ports 362 and 363. The valve member 365 is adapted to be actuated to its two operative positions by the breach rams, one ram shifting the valve to the position shown on the drawings and the other ram shifting the valve to its second operative position. To effect this operation of the valve, see Figure 2, the ram dogs 181 and 188 have respectively projecting therefrom a pin 368 and 369 for respectively engaging ears 310 and 3'11 of a flipper member 312. The flipper 312 is pinned or otherwise secured to the outer end of an oscillatable rod 313 rotatably journaled in bearings provided by the column as seen in Figure 6. For convenience the rod 313 is disposed just above the main control rod 192. The rod 313, similar to the rod 192, projects into the housing 193 of the main control valve casing 110 where it has secured to it a valve shifter 314. The valve shifter 314 is provided with a ball shaped arm 315 received in a transverse notch 316 in the stem 311 of the valve member 365.

As seen in Figure 25 the conduit 351 terminates at the ports 362 while the ports 363 have connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 318 terminating at its other end in branch pressure conduit 319 which extends from the main pressure conduit 92. Connected with the ports 36I is one end of a pipe or conduit 386 terminating at its other end in a pipe or conduit 38I which empties into the return conduit 293 from the make-up valve above described.

The second release plunger 338 has connected therewith one end of a pipe or conduit 382 which terminates in a control valve mechanism indicated generally in Figure 25 by the numeral 383. This valve mechanism is similar to the valve mechanism 358 and is shown structurally in Figure 9. As shown therein, the said valve control mechanism comprises a casing 384 enclosing a valve bushing 385 having a plurality of sets of radial ports 386, 381 and 338 therein. Disposed within the bushing 385 is a valve member 389 adapted to connect the said ports in different combinations when in different positions relative thereto. The valve member 389 is provided in its stem 399 with a transverse slot 39| receiving the ball end 392 of a valve actuator 393. The valve actuator 393 is adapted to be actuated simultaneously with the operation of the main control valve mechanisms I69 and 255 and is therefore operated through the same mechanism including the ram dogs I81 and I88 and flipper I99. For this reason the valve actuator 393 is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft I98 to which the valve shifter members I99 and 261 are secured.

As seen from Figure 25 the pipe or conduit 382 from the plunger 338 connects with the ports 381 while the ports 386 are connected by a pipe or conduit 394 with the drain system or conduit 38!. The ports 388 are connected by a pipe or conduit 395 with the branch pressure conduit 319.

The operation of the modified control mcchanism will noW be described as supplementary to the operation of the circuit shown in Figure 24 since the circuit in Figure 25 operates the same except as modified by the valve mechanisms 358 and 363. As shown in Figure 25, the two release plungers 331 and 338 are connected to the drain, therefore have no pressure thereon and the starting and stopping valve is in the position determined by the higher face 32I of the latching plunger 3 I 9. As with the circuit shown in Figure 24 the left hand ram 40 is to be lowered and the right hand ram 43 raised.

The rams are set in motion as described above and the right hand ram through its dog pin 369 will shortly after its initial movement engage the ear 3' of the flipper 312 for lowering the valve member of the valve mechanism 358 as seen in Figure 25. This movement of the valve will be such as to connect the pressure conduit 318 with the plunger conduit 351 through the ports 363 and 362, thereby depressing the said plunger and With drawing the latch 3I9, permitting a slight downward movement of the starting and stopping valve member I92 to the position determined by the face 322 of the second latch 320. The movement of the valve member "32 as just effected will be insufiicient to change any porting with respect thereto and the machine will continue to function. The valve member of the valve mechanism 358 does not, however, stop in the position to maintain pressure on the plunger 331 but instead is shifted entirely across the pressure port 333 to again connect the ports 362 and 36I; this time, however, by the cannelure 366 instead of the cannelure 361 as was the initial setting of this valve. 5

The operator is now loading a work piece in the work fixture from which the completed work piece has been removed and if he should complete the clamping of the work piece prior to the completion of the tooling operation as being effected by the ram 40, he will step on the bar or treadle 358 for shifting the valve member to the position shown in the drawings. With the parts in this position at the conclusion of the tooling operation, as being eiiccted by the ram 49, the cycle will be repeated through the ram 43. If, however, the operator does not step on the treadle 350 prior to the conclusion of the tooling operation now in progress the operation of the control valves by the dog I81 will shift the valve member of valve mechanism 383, thereby connecting the pressure conduit 395 with the conduit 382 of the plunger 338. This, of course, will cause the retraction of the second latch plunger 320 and since the first latch 3I9 is already retracted the starting and stopping valve member I02 will shift to a stopping position and stop the operation of the machine. The operator will then be required to either utilize the starting handle 326 or shift the valve the entire distance by the treadle 350.

It will be appreciated that the latching plungers 3I9 and 329 are retracted during each cycle of operation of the machine but if the starting and stopping valve is reset prior to the completion of the cycle the retraction of the second latch 320 in no wise releases the starting and stopping valve member, since it, in effect, is not in latching operation at this time. It should also be noted that the valve member of the valve mechanism 383 does not remain in the position for connecting pressure to its knock-out plunger for any appreciable time, but merely passes the pressure port to, in effect, deliver a shot of pressure thereto.

It will also be noted that in case of an emergency the machine may be instantly stopped by 5 actuating the handle 326 outwardly or in a clockwise direction about its pivot 321 for simultaneously withdrawing both latching plungers 3 I 9 and 320, since the actuators are both secured to the common shaft 3I0.

From the foregoing it is believed now evident that there has been provided a machine which may be set in operation for effecting continuous production or which will stop at the conclusion of the tooling of each work piece if the second work piece is not in condition to be immediately operated upon.

In the modified table actuating mechanism shown in Figure 22 use is made of the locking bar for effecting the oscillation of the table instead 00 of a separate table actuating means. Also instead of the locking bar being intermittently shifted for a short distance the said bar is continuously shifted for first releasing the hold down clamp and then effecting the indexing of the 5 table. Specifically, the mechanism shown in Figure 22 comprises a bar 396 having formed in one side thereof rack teeth 391 meshing with the teeth of a gear 398 secured to the upper end of the vertical shaft (H. The shaft 6| is rotated by the 7 piston and cylinder mechanism 1213 as above explained. 0n the rear side of the bar 396 it is provided with a boss or lug 399 from opposite ends of which extend cam faces 408 and 4M. The said cams 490 and 40I respectively eng e with 

